Double Hard
Single-Sided PCBs VS Double-Sided PCBs
Many things must be taken into consideration when developing printed circuit boards. One of the most important is whether you will design a single- or double-sided board. Choosing single or double sided will influence everything from the general size of the board to the design and performance of the PCB.
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Designing on a Single-Sided Board
Single sided design can greatly reduce the cost of your board. Many people prefer to use single-sided boards if they can fit their design on it. Many products that you may find in an electronics store, like TV's and DVD players, probably utilize a single-sided circuit board.
There are some methods that are used in single-sided design that are not needed when designing double-sided or multi-layer PCBs. It is certainly more challenging than a double-sided layout. It’s all about a balance between board size and the number of jumper links required. Nearly all single-sided boards will require some jumper links. For better performance, you should try to use as little as possible.
Component placement is even more critical on a single-sided board. Components should be arranged in a way that provides the shortest and most efficient tracking. It is similar to playing chess. If you don’t think several moves ahead, then you will back yourself into a corner pretty quickly. Having only a single track running from one side of your board to the other can ruin your whole layout, as it makes routing any other perpendicular tracks impossible.
It is not uncommon for people to use double-sided design methods where there are only straight tracks on the top layer. When the board reaches the manufacturing step, those top layer tracks will be replaced with jumper links. This is not a recommended design method, as it can be very inefficient. You should have a well thought out plan when placing components, and you shouldn't be too upset if you need to toss one design because you found a better way to route things. Once you have some PCB design experience, you will probably be able to tell whether you should use a single-sided or double-sided design before you even begin the project.
Designing on a Double-Sided Board
There is a little more freedom for designers when they are dealing with double-sided PCBs. Designs that were next to impossible on a single-sided board become much easier when you add an additional layer.
While it is overlooked by many novice PCB designers, the placement of components on double-sided PCBs is just as important as it is with single-sided PCBs. They will employ techniques that overlook what affect location can have on a design’s functional integrity. For instance, they may use vias (vertical electrical connections) to fix any errors while building between layers. As a result, the design ends up with hundreds of unnecessary electroplated holes or rivets, which compromise the printed circuit’s performance.
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Consistent methodology and planning should go into double-sided design for PCB layouts. Although there is more freedom involved in a double-sided design, it should not serve as an escape from design mistakes. Component placement and careful routing are proven techniques that will help you focus on the mechanical constraints of your layout.
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